Menambah, Menghapus dan Memutakhirkan Aplikasi

Manajer Paket Synaptic

Sooner or later, you will have the need to install additional programs on your computer. Ubuntu comes with a special tool called Synaptic that will help you with this task. Synaptic is an advanced package management application that can install and remove every package available to your system. It gives you complete control over the package management of your system.

Untuk meluncurkanSynaptic, pilih Applications->System->Synaptic Package Manager pada sistem menu destop.

[Catatan]

MenjalankanSynaptic butuh hak istimewa pengelolaan (lihat “Root Dan Sudo”).

The Synaptic screen is divided up into four sections, the two most important being the package categories on the left side, and the packages on the right.

If you know the name of the package, the quickest way to install it is to click on the Search tool bar button, enter the name in the search text field and click the Search button. Synaptic will now show you a short list from which to select your application for installation. This is usually much easier than having to look through the very long list of applications in the category section. Now right click on it and choose "Mark this package for installation". Once you are satisfied with your selections click Apply on the top button bar. Synaptic will then download and install the required packages from the online repositories and/or from your Ubuntu installation CD.

In case you do not know the name of the package, choose section in the lower left part of the window, choose the appropriate category, and find the package name in the list.

When the installation process has finished, you should have a new option for the program you installed available in the menu.

Gudang Tambahan

Many software packages you might need are not in the Main repository, so let us learn how to add extra repositories.

Apa itu Gudang?

There are thousands of programs available to install on Ubuntu. These programs are stored in software archives (repositories) and are made freely available for installation over the Internet. This makes it very easy to install new programs in Linux, and it is also very secure, because each program you install is built specially for Ubuntu and checked before it is installed. To organise the software, Ubuntu repositories are categorised into four groups: Main, Restricted, Universe, and Multiverse.

The rationale used to determine which software goes into which category is based on two factors:

  • The level of support software development teams provide for a program.

  • The level of compliance the program has to the Free Software Philosophy.

You can find more information about the Repositories available on the website.

The standard Ubuntu Install CD contains some software from the Main and Restricted categories. Once your system is made aware of the Internet-based locations for these repositories, many more software programs are made available for installation. Using the software package management tools already installed on your system, you can search for, install and update any piece of software directly over the Internet, without the need for the CD.

Menambah Gudang Tambahan

Untuk mengaktifkan gudang tambahan:

  1. Buka Applications->System->Software Properties.

  2. Pilih Add

  3. Untuk mengaktifkan gudang Universe, cek tombol Community Maintained (Universe)

    [Catatan]

    Menambah gudang ini berarti semesta Perangkat Lunak Bebas akan tersedia untuk diinstal pada sistem anda. Perangkat lunak ini disokong oleh kelompok sukarelawan dalam Komunitas Ubuntu yang dipilih dengan cermat, tetapi tidak disokong oleh paguyuban inti pengembangan Ubuntu dan tidak disertakan pemutakhiran keamanan.

  4. Untuk mengaktifkan gudang Multiverse, cek tombol Non-free (Multiverse)

    [Awas]

    Menambah gudang ini berarti perangkat lunak yang digolongkan sebagai tidak bebas akan tersedia untuk diinstal pada sistem anda. Perangkat lunak ini mungkin tidak diizinkan dalam beberapa wilayah yurisdiksi. Ketika anda menginstal setiap paket dari gudang ini, anda harus memastikan bahwa hukum dari negara anda mengizinkan penggunaan paket ini. Dan juga, perangkat lunak ini tidak disertakan pemutakhiran keamanan.

  5. Klik Close untuk menyimpan perubahan anda dan keluar.

Pemutakhiran

Terkadang pengembang Ubuntu meluncurkan pemutakhiran fitur dan keamanan untuk aplikasi dan paket dalam sistem Ubuntu.

The Update Manager program will list the available updates. You will find it at Applications->System->Update Manager. To download and install available updates click Install Updates. Ubuntu will then download and install the available updates from the Internet.

When Update Manager has finished updating your system, close Update Manager to finish updating your system.

After installing some important updates, it may be necessary to restart your computer.

[Catatan]

Please note that Xubuntu does not by default run the update-notifier known from Ubuntu.